This is a 78-years old man, who had a 3.8cm sized mass in the left upper lobe (Fig. 1), which was proven to be a squamous cell carcinoma. There was marked surrounding emphysema and though the lesion was a T1 lesion, with no adenopathy or evidence of spread elsewhere on a PET study, he was not considered to be a candidate for surgery.
He was referred for a radiofrequency ablation (RFA). We had to make sure that we did not penetrate the emphysematous lung. Using the CT fluoroscopy function, it was possible to find an oblique route into the centre of the lesion (Figs. 2-4) and the tines of the electrode were then deployed (Figs. 5,6). A successful ablation was obtained with peri-lesional ground-glass attenuation (Fig. 7).
There was no evidence of a pneumothorax, but a plain-radiograph (FIg. 8) obtained 24 hours later showed fluid-fluid levels, presumably due to hemorrhage into the bullae. The patient however was comfortable and was discharged with due precautions.
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